hornPotter

Create Potter horn antenna

Since R2021a

Description

The default hornPotter object creates a Potter horn antenna resonating around 3.84 GHz. The Potter horn antenna is a dual-mode, conical horn antenna with discontinuity. These antennas are used in wireless applications where properties like low cross polarization level, low side lobe level, and beam symmetry are required. Potter horns are widely used in satellite communications for frequency reuse.

Creation

Syntax

ant = hornPotter

ant = hornPotter(Name,Value)

Description

ant = hornPotter creates a default Potter horn antenna with tapered transition. The default dimensions are chosen for an operating frequency of 3.84 GHz.

ant = hornPotter(Name,Value) sets Properties using one or more name-value pairs. For example, hornPotter('ConeHeight',0.05) creates a Potter horn antenna with the cone height of 50 mm.

Properties

Radius — Radius of circular waveguide

0.0311 (default) | positive scalar

Radius of the circular waveguide, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 'Radius',0.760

Example: ant.Radius = 0.760

Data Types: double

WaveguideHeight — Height of circular waveguide

0.1200 (default) | positive scalar

Height of the circular waveguide, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 'WaveguideHeight',0.0340

Example: ant.WaveguideHeight = 0.0340

Data Types: double

FeedHeight — Height of feed

0.0185 (default) | positive scalar

Height of the feed, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 'FeedHeight',0.0085

Example: ant.FeedHeight = 0.0085

Data Types: double

FeedWidth — Width of feed

0.0005 (default) | positive scalar

Width of the feed, specified as a positive in meters.

Example: 'FeedWidth',0.0200

Example: ant.FeedWidth = 0.0200

Data Types: double

FeedOffset — Signed distance along waveguide height

0.0300 (default) | real-valued scalar

Signed distance along the waveguide height, specified as a real-valued scalar in meters.

Example: 'FeedOffset',0.03627

Example: ant.FeedOffset = 0.3627

Data Types: double

ConeHeight — Height of cone

0.2416 (default) | positive scalar

Height of the cone, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 'ConeHeight',0.0540

Example: ant.ConeHeight = 0.0540

Data Types: double

ApertureRadius — Radius of cone aperture

0.0626 (default) | positive scalar

Radius of the cone aperture, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 'ApertureRadius',0.0560

Example: ant.ApertureRadius = 0.0790

Data Types: double

TaperRadius — Radius of taper

0.0626 (default) | positive scalar

Radius of the taper, specified as a positive scalar in meters.

Example: 'TaperRadius',0.0760

Example: ant.TaperRadius = 0.0760

Data Types: double

TaperHeight — Height of taper

0.0546 (default) | nonnegative scalar

Height of the taper, specified as a nonnegative scalar in meters. To design step-transition Potter horn antenna, set TaperHeight to 0.

Example: 'TaperHeight',0.0540

Example: ant.TaperHeight = 0.0540

Data Types: double

Conductor — Type of metal material

'PEC' (default) | metal object

Type of the metal used as a conductor, specified as a metal material object. You can choose any metal from the MetalCatalog or specify a metal of your choice. For more information, see metal. For more information on metal conductor meshing, see Meshing.

Example: m = metal('Copper'); 'Conductor',m

Example: m = metal('Copper'); ant.Conductor = m

Tilt — Tilt angle of antenna

0 (default) | scalar | vector

Tilt angle of the antenna, specified as a scalar or vector with each element unit in degrees. For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: 'Tilt',90

Example: ant.Tilt = 90

Example: 'Tilt',[90 90],'TiltAxis',[0 1 0;0 1 1] tilts the antenna at 90 degrees about the two axes defined by the vectors.

Data Types: double

TiltAxis — Tilt axis of antenna

[1 0 0] (default) | three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates | two three-element vectors of Cartesian coordinates | 'X' | 'Y' | 'Z'

Tilt axis of the antenna, specified as:

• Three-element vector of Cartesian coordinates in meters. In this case, each coordinate in the vector starts at the origin and lies along the specified points on the X-, Y-, and Z-axes.

• Two points in space, each specified as three-element vectors of Cartesian coordinates. In this case, the antenna rotates around the line joining the two points in space.

• A string input describing simple rotations around one of the principal axes, 'X', 'Y', or 'Z'.

For more information, see Rotate Antennas and Arrays.

Example: 'TiltAxis',[0 1 0]

Example: 'TiltAxis',[0 0 0;0 1 0]

Example: ant.TiltAxis = 'Z'

Load — Lumped elements

[1x1 lumpedElement] (default) | lumpedElement object

Lumped elements added to the antenna feed, specified as a lumpedElement object handle. You can add a load anywhere on the surface of the antenna. By default, the load is at the feed. For more information, see lumpedElement.

Example: 'Load',lumpedelement, where lumpedelement is the load added to the antenna feed.

Example: ant.Load = lumpedElement('Impedance',75)

Object Functions

axialRatio	Calculate and plot axial ratio of antenna or array
bandwidth	Calculate and plot absolute bandwidth of antenna or array
beamwidth	Beamwidth of antenna
charge	Charge distribution on antenna or array surface
current	Current distribution on antenna or array surface
design	Design prototype antenna or arrays for resonance around specified frequency or create AI-based antenna from antenna catalog objects
efficiency	Calculate and plot radiation efficiency of antenna or array
EHfields	Electric and magnetic fields of antennas or embedded electric and magnetic fields of antenna element in arrays
feedCurrent	Calculate current at feed for antenna or array
impedance	Calculate and plot input impedance of antenna or scan impedance of array
info	Display information about antenna, array, or platform
memoryEstimate	Estimate memory required to solve antenna or array mesh
mesh	Mesh properties of metal, dielectric antenna, or array structure
meshconfig	Change meshing mode of antenna, array, custom antenna, custom array, or custom geometry
msiwrite	Write antenna or array analysis data to MSI planet file
optimize	Optimize antenna or array using SADEA optimizer
pattern	Plot radiation pattern and phase of antenna or array or embedded pattern of antenna element in array
patternAzimuth	Azimuth plane radiation pattern of antenna or array
patternElevation	Elevation plane radiation pattern of antenna or array
peakRadiation	Calculate and mark maximum radiation points of antenna or array on radiation pattern
rcs	Calculate and plot monostatic and bistatic radar cross section (RCS) of platform, antenna, or array
resonantFrequency	Calculate and plot resonant frequency of antenna
returnLoss	Calculate and plot return loss of antenna or scan return loss of array
show	Display antenna, array structures, shapes, or platform
sparameters	Calculate S-parameters for antenna or array
stlwrite	Write mesh information to STL file
vswr	Calculate and plot voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of antenna or array element

Examples

Create Default Potter Horn Antenna and Plot Radiation Pattern

Create a Potter horn antenna with default properties.

ant = hornPotter

ant = 
  hornPotter with properties:

             Radius: 0.0311
    WaveguideHeight: 0.1200
         FeedHeight: 0.0185
          FeedWidth: 5.0000e-04
         FeedOffset: 0.0300
         ConeHeight: 0.2414
     ApertureRadius: 0.0626
        TaperRadius: 0.0626
        TaperHeight: 0.0546
          Conductor: [1x1 metal]
               Tilt: 0
           TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
               Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

View the antenna using the show function.

show(ant)

Plot the radiation pattern of the Potter horn antenna at a frequency of 3.8 GHz.

pattern(ant,3.8e9)

Logarithmic Charge Distribution on Potter Horn Antenna Surface

Create a Potter horn antenna with the aperture radius of 0.12 m.

ant = hornPotter(ApertureRadius=0.12)

ant = 
  hornPotter with properties:

             Radius: 0.0311
    WaveguideHeight: 0.1200
         FeedHeight: 0.0185
          FeedWidth: 5.0000e-04
         FeedOffset: 0.0300
         ConeHeight: 0.2414
     ApertureRadius: 0.1200
        TaperRadius: 0.0626
        TaperHeight: 0.0546
          Conductor: [1x1 metal]
               Tilt: 0
           TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
               Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

View the antenna using the show function.

show(ant)

Visualize the charge distribution on the Potter horn antenna in log10 scale.

charge(ant,3.5e9,Scale="log10")

Create Potter Horn Antenna with Step-Transition

Create a Potter horn antenna with the taper height of 0 m. The Potter horn with taper height of 0 m is termed as step-transition Potter horn.

ant = hornPotter(TaperHeight=0)

ant = 
  hornPotter with properties:

             Radius: 0.0311
    WaveguideHeight: 0.1200
         FeedHeight: 0.0185
          FeedWidth: 5.0000e-04
         FeedOffset: 0.0300
         ConeHeight: 0.2414
     ApertureRadius: 0.0626
        TaperRadius: 0.0626
        TaperHeight: 0
          Conductor: [1x1 metal]
               Tilt: 0
           TiltAxis: [1 0 0]
               Load: [1x1 lumpedElement]

View the antenna using the show function.

show(ant)

Overlay the antenna on the radiation pattern.

p = PatternPlotOptions;
p.Transparency = 0.5;
pattern(ant,3.8e9,PatternOptions=p)

To understand the effect of Transparency, choose Overlay Antenna in the radiation pattern plot.

This option overlays the antenna on the radiation pattern.

More About

Parametric Analysis Guidelines

To understand how the properties of the hornPotter antenna object influence the antenna design, use these parametric analysis guidelines.

• To increase the operating frequency, decrease the FeedHeight of the hornPotter antenna.

• To increase the gain, increase the radius of aperture of the hornPotter antenna object using the ApertureRadius property.

• To increase s₁₁ value, increase height of the waveguide using the WaveguideHeight property.

• Gain obtained from tapered transition Potter horn is more than step-transition.

References

[1] Ahmed, Zobaer, Asif Zaman, and Lutfa Akter. “Parametric Analysis of Pickett Potter Horn Antenna.” In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP), 1–4. Dhaka, Bangladesh: IEEE, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP.2015.7427926.

[2] Gohil, Shweta K, and Usha Neelakantan. “A Wideband Dual Mode Horn Antenna with Tapered Discontinuity.” In International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 02:913–16, 2015.

Version History

Introduced in R2021a