What does "successfully" mean then? Perhaps the installation and the standard toolbox functions are working. And some day you want to establish a serial connection, download drivers for a web cam or struggle with strange 3D graphics due to old OpenGL drivers. If Matlab fails then, "successfull" is not the right term. You might spend hours or days with debugging until you find the reason for the incompatibility.
For testing or use the modern fancy editor options, running 2009a in Win10 might work, but I would not use it for productive work. If you have to convince the IT department, either stay at Win7/2009a, or Win10/2017a.
