Change date format in text file and modify data

I have a .dat file in this format:

data values start at line 17(the rest is header and white space):

 STA JAHR MO TG HH MM    93    91    98   195   101   197    90    94   210

   44 2010  3 29  0  0   0.0   7.8  93.4   0.7   1.3   162 963.3     0   6.7

   44 2010  3 29  0 10   0.1   8.1  91.9   1.0   1.3   174 963.1     0   6.6

etc and I need to change it to this format :

data starts at line 30:

stn YYYYMMDDHHMI rre150z0 tre200s0 ure200s0 fve010z0 fkl010z1 dkl010z0 prestas0 sre000z0 tresurs0

ALT 201003290000 0 78 934 7 13 162 9633 0 67

ALT 201003290010 0 81 919 10 13 174 9631 0 66

I cann't figure it out in BASH so I'm resorting to Matlab... :(