hankelsv

Compute Hankel singular values for stable/unstable or continuous/discrete system

Syntax

[sv_stab,sv_unstab] = hankelsv(G,ErrorType,style)
hankelsv(G)
hankelsv(G,ErrorType,style)


Description

[sv_stab,sv_unstab] = hankelsv(G,ErrorType,style) returns a column vector SV_STAB containing the Hankel singular values of the stable part of G and SV_UNSTAB of anti-stable part (if it exists). The Hankel SV's of anti-stable part ss(a,b,c,d) is computed internally via ss(-a,-b,c,d). Discrete model is converted to continuous one via the bilinear transform.

hankelsv(G) with no output arguments draws a bar graph of the Hankel singular values such as the following:

To generate the bar graph with specified error type and style, use hankelsv(G,ErrorType,style). This table describes optional input arguments for hankelsvd.

Argument	Value	Description
ERRORTYPE	'add' 'mult' 'ncf'	Regular Hankel SV's of G Hankel SV's of phase matrix Hankel SV's of coprime factors
STYLE	'abs' 'log'	Absolute value logarithm scale

Algorithms

If ErrorType = 'add', then hankelsv implements the numerically robust square root method to compute the Hankel singular values [1]. Its algorithm goes as follows:

Given a stable model G, with controllability and observability Gramians P and Q, compute the SVD of P and Q:

[Up,Sp,Vp] = svd(P);
[Uq,Sq,Vq] = svd(Q);

Then form the square roots of the Gramians:

Lr = Up*diag(sqrt(diag(Sp)));
Lo = Uq*diag(sqrt(diag(Sq)));

The Hankel singular values are simply:

σH =svd(Lo'*Lr);

This method takes advantage of the robust SVD algorithm and ensures the computations stay well within the square root of the machine accuracy.

If ErrorType = 'mult', then hankelsv computes the Hankel singular value of the phase matrix of G [2].

If ErrorType = 'ncf', then hankelsv computes the Hankel singular value of the normalized coprime factor pair of the model [3].

References

[1] Safonov, M.G., and R.Y. Chiang, “A Schur Method for Balanced Model Reduction,” IEEE Trans. on Automat. Contr., vol. AC-2, no. 7, July 1989, pp. 729-733.

[2] Safonov, M.G., and R.Y. Chiang, “Model Reduction for Robust Control: A Schur Relative Error Method,” International J. of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing, Vol. 2, pp. 259-272, 1988.

[3] Vidyasagar, M., Control System Synthesis - A Factorization Approach. London: The MIT Press, 1985.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a