creating wav files that contain sequences of pulse bursts

Dear MATLAB,

I am trying to make an audio wav file using MATLAB.

I wonder if it is possible to implement pulses whose pulse envelope has specific rise and fall time requirements in the range of 7.5 ms to 100 ms that are measured in acoustic domains.

I've tried the following code provided by an answer in the forum to create a single pulse:

% Sampling
    fs = 1000;     % Sampling rate [Hz]
    Ts = 1/fs;     % Sampling period [s]
    fNy = fs / 2;  % Nyquist frequency [Hz]
    duration = 10; % Duration [s]
    t = 0 : Ts : duration-Ts; % Time vector
    noSamples = length(t);    % Number of samples
    % Original signal
    x = 220.*sin(2 .* pi .* 50 .* t);
    % Harmonics
    x1 = 100.*sin(2 .* pi .* 100 .* t);
    x2 = 100.*sin(2 .* pi .* 200 .* t);
    x3 = 100.*sin(2 .* pi .* 300 .* t);
    % Contaminated signal
    xn = x + x1 + x2 + x3;

When I export it into a wav file, it comes out as a single beep.

Hence my second question is: how to make repetitive pulse bursts with a certain time interval (say a pulse burst, like a beep, every 1s)?

Thanks,

Yumeka

[Mathieu NOE]

hello

sorry, but what you have implemented is not a pulse, but combination of stationnary sine waves

matlab function 'pulstran' is the answer to your question

once you are done with the signal generation , make sure you scale the output amplitude to -1 / +1 before exporting to wav format (using audiowrite)

[Mathieu NOE]

some other test signals that may interest you

regards,

[Mengjia Lyu]

Hi Mathieu, thanks for your reply. Do you know how to put pauses in between pulse trains (say repeat pulse train every two seconds?

[Mathieu NOE]

hello

sure

do you have finally selected a code that gives you the basic pulse wave or are you still strugling with that ?

[Mengjia Lyu]

Thanks for the reply! I have the following code which I borrowed from Prof.Peterson's website for creating a single pulse:)

However, I would like to have a pulse train consisting of the pulse created by the code. Like (Beep-pause-Beep-pause-Beep...)

synthesize('test.wav',500,3,[0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8])

function synthesize(file,f,d,p)
% Matlab function synthesize(file,f,d,p) 
% creates a .wav audio file of a sound where the fundamental frequency 
% and amplitudes(power) of the harmonics may be specified.
%
% file is a string which is the name of the .wav file.
% f is the fundamental frequency in Hz
% d is the duration in seconds
% p is a length n vector of amplitudes
%
% For example, synthesize('test.wav', 220, 3, [1 .8 .1 .04])
% makes a 3 second sample at 220 Hz with the harmonics shown.
%
% Mark R. Petersen, U. of Colorado Boulder Applied Math Dept, Feb 2004

Fs=22050; nbits=8;              % frequency and bit rate of wav file

t = linspace(1/Fs, d, d*Fs);    % time
y = zeros(1,Fs*d);              % initialize sound data
for n=1:length(p);
  y = y + p(n)*cos(2*pi*n*f*t); % sythesize waveform
end
y = .5*y/max(y);                % normalize.  Coefficent controls volume.
audiowrite( file,y, Fs,'BitsPerSample', nbits)
end
    

Answer 1

[Mathieu NOE]

hello

so this would be my suggestion , build on the existing code

you can uncomment the window section f it appeals to you

also some wave file players / editors can loop the file , so you are not obliged to create a huge wav file if you need the signal to play for one hour ; FYI, I use Goldwave that is pretty efficient but Audacity and others can do it too

% 
file = 'test.wav' ;
f = 500;  % f is the fundamental frequency in Hz
d_on = 3;  % d_on is the duration in seconds with signal 
d_off = 1;  % d_off is the duration in seconds without signal (pause)
repeat = 25; % how many times the pattern must be replicated
p = [0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8,0.8];

synthesize(file,f,d_on,d_off,p,repeat);

function synthesize(file,f,d_on,d_off,p,repeat)
% Matlab function synthesize(file,f,d,p) 
% creates a .wav audio file of a sound where the fundamental frequency 
% and amplitudes(power) of the harmonics may be specified.
%
% file is a string which is the name of the .wav file.
% f is the fundamental frequency in Hz
% d_on is the duration in seconds with signal
% d_off is the duration in seconds without signal (pause)
% p is a length n vector of amplitudes
% repeat defines how many times the pattern must be replicated

% Mark R. Petersen, U. of Colorado Boulder Applied Math Dept, Feb 2004
% mod by M Noé Jan 2021

Fs=22050; nbits=8;              % frequency and bit rate of wav file
t_on = (0:1/Fs:d_on-1/Fs);
y = zeros(1,Fs*d_on);              % initialize sound data
for n=1:length(p)
  y = y + p(n)*sin(2*pi*n*f*t_on); % sythesize waveform
end
y = y(:);

% % apply window to smooth start / stop ends of signal (optionnal)
% w = hanning(length(y));
% y = y.*w;

y = .95*y/max(y);                % normalize.  Coefficent controls volume.

% padd signal with zeros of duration t_off
y = [y; zeros(Fs*d_off,1)];

% now repeat this pattern multiple times 
y_out = [];
for ci = 1:repeat
    y_out = [y_out; y];
end

% plot (optionnal) 
plot(y_out);grid
title('Waveform');
xlabel('samples');
ylabel('amplitude');

audiowrite(file,y_out, Fs,'BitsPerSample', nbits)
end