It could be nearly everything: A principal component analysis, the factors of a fourier analysis, or even a SHA128 hash of the file name interpreted as grey levels. Most likely the file name is more useful than the image.
By the way, the image has very few information due to the pattern of stripes. It seems to be nonsense to store more than the first row.
My conclusion: It is impossible to find the answer of your question based on the images itself. There is an infinite number of mathematical operations to obtain the 2nd image from the first one, but very likely there is no way for the other way around.
So either wait for 2 month or give up.