N-Dimensional Spatial Transformations
The following functions, when used in combination, provide a vast array of options for defining and working with 2-D, N-D, and mixed-D spatial transformations:
The imtransform
, findbounds
, and
tformarray
functions use the tformfwd
and
tforminv
functions internally to encapsulate the forward transformations
needed to determine the extent of an output image or array and/or to map the output
pixels/array locations back to input locations. You can use tformfwd
and
tforminv
to explore the geometric effects of a transformation by applying
them to points and lines and plotting the results. They support a consistent handling of both
image and point-wise data.
You can use tformarray
to work with arbitrary-dimensional array
transformations. The arrays do not need to have the same dimensions. The output can have
either a lower or higher number of dimensions than the input. For example, if you are sampling
3-D data on a 2-D slice or manifold, the input array might have a lower dimensionality. The
output dimensionality might be higher, for example, if you combine multiple 2-D
transformations into a single 2-D to 3-D operation.
You can create a resampling structure using the makeresampler
function
to obtain special effects or custom processing. For example, you could specify your own
separable filtering/interpolation kernel, build a custom resampler around the MATLAB®
interp2
or interp3
functions, or even implement an
advanced antialiasing technique.
The following example uses imtransform
to perform a projective
transformation of a checkerboard image, and makeresampler
to create a
resampling structure with a standard interpolation method.
I = checkerboard(20,1,1); figure; imshow(I) T = maketform('projective',[1 1; 41 1; 41 41; 1 41],... [5 5; 40 5; 35 30; -10 30]); R = makeresampler('cubic','circular'); K = imtransform(I,T,R,'Size',[100 100],'XYScale',1); figure, imshow(K)
The imtransform
function options let you control many aspects of the
transformation. For example, note how the transformed image appears to contain multiple copies
of the original image. This is accomplished by using the 'Size'
option, to
make the output image larger than the input image, and then specifying a padding method that
extends the input image by repeating the pixels in a circular pattern. The Image Processing Toolbox™ Image Transformation demos provide more examples of using the
imtransform
function and related functions to perform different types of
spatial transformations.