# getDelayModel

State-space representation of internal delays

## Syntax

[H,tau] = getDelayModel(sys)
[A,B1,B2,C1,C2,D11,D12,D21,D22,E,tau] = getDelayModel(sys)

## Description

[H,tau] = getDelayModel(sys) decomposes a state-space model sys with internal delays into a delay-free state-space model, H, and a vector of internal delays, tau. The relationship among sys, H, and tau is shown in the following diagram.

[A,B1,B2,C1,C2,D11,D12,D21,D22,E,tau] = getDelayModel(sys) returns the set of state-space matrices and internal delay vector, tau, that explicitly describe the state-space model sys. These state-space matrices are defined by the state-space equations:

• Continuous-time sys:

$\begin{array}{c}E\frac{dx\left(t\right)}{dt}=Ax\left(t\right)+{B}_{1}u\left(t\right)+{B}_{2}w\left(t\right)\\ y\left(t\right)={C}_{1}x\left(t\right)+{D}_{11}u\left(t\right)+{D}_{12}w\left(t\right)\\ z\left(t\right)={C}_{2}x\left(t\right)+{D}_{21}u\left(t\right)+{D}_{22}w\left(t\right)\\ w\left(t\right)=z\left(t-\tau \right)\end{array}$

• Discrete-time sys:

$\begin{array}{c}Ex\left[k+1\right]=Ax\left[k\right]+{B}_{1}u\left[k\right]+{B}_{2}w\left[k\right]\\ y\left[k\right]={C}_{1}x\left[k\right]+{D}_{11}u\left[k\right]+{D}_{12}w\left[k\right]\\ z\left[k\right]={C}_{2}x\left[k\right]+{D}_{21}u\left[k\right]+{D}_{22}w\left[k\right]\\ w\left[k\right]=z\left[k-\tau \right]\end{array}$

## Input Arguments

 sys Any state-space (ss) model.

## Output Arguments

 H Delay-free state-space model (ss). H results from decomposing sys into a delay-free component and a component exp(-tau*s) that represents all internal delays. If sys has no internal delays, H is equal to sys. tau Vector of internal delays of sys, expressed in the time units of sys. The vector tau results from decomposing sys into a delay-free state-space model H and a component exp(-tau*s) that represents all internal delays. If sys has no internal delays, tau is empty. A,B1,B2,C1,C2,D11,D12,D21,D22,E Set of state-space matrices that, with the internal delay vector tau, explicitly describe the state-space model sys. For explicit state-space models (E = I, or sys.e = []), the output E = []. If sys has no internal delays, the outputs B2, C2, D12, D21, and D22 are all empty ([]).

## Examples

collapse all

Decompose the following closed-loop system with internal delay into a delay-free component and a component representing the internal delay.

Create the closed-loop model sys from r to y.

G = tf(1,[1 10],'InputDelay',2.1);
C = pid(0.5,2.3);
sys = feedback(C*G,1);

sys is a state-space (ss) model with an internal delay that arises from closing the feedback loop on a plant with an input delay.

Decompose sys into a delay-free state-space model and the value of the internal delay.

[H,tau] = getDelayModel(sys);

Confirm that the internal delay matches the original input delay on the plant.

tau
tau = 2.1000